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What is specifically forbidden to eat

There are 10 forbidden types of food mentioned in Allah’s book. Allah says: ‘Forbidden to you are carrion, blood, the flesh of swine; and that over which any name other than Allah’s has been invoked; and the animal that has been strangled, or beaten to death, or killed by a fall, or gored to death, or savaged by a beast of prey, except that which you may have slaughtered when it is still alive, and [forbidden to you are] animals that have been slaughtered on idolatrous altars’ (5: 3).

Food

The basic rule that defines what is permissible or forbidden to eat is the Qur'anic verse that says: ‘Say: “In all that has been revealed to me, I do not find anything forbidden to eat, if one wishes to eat thereof, unless it be carrion, or blood poured forth, or the flesh of swine – for all that is unclean – or a sinful offering over which any name other than Allah’s has been invoked. But if one is driven by necessity, neither intending disobedience nor exceeding his bare need, then know that your Lord is Much-Forgiving, Ever-Merciful”’ (6: 145).

Types of Pledge

Pledges may be valid or invalid; permissible or forbidden; binding or worthless. A pledge is valid and binding if it involves something good, such as a voluntary act of worship, with the pledging person hoping to earn Allah’s pleasure.

Atonement for oaths

Allah, in His mercy, has made clear a way to go back on one’s oath and release oneself from its import. Allah says: ‘Allah has already ordained for you [believers] a way to release you from such oaths’ (66: 2).

Types of Oaths

Idle oath: This is when a person says the words of an oath without intending his statement as an oath. He may say, for example, ‘Yes, by Allah’, or ‘No, by Allah’.

Oaths

An oath is made to confirm something by Allah’s name or one of His attributes. Oaths may be classified into three categories with respect to their validity and commitment.

Enforcement

Punishment are of two types. The first is to neglect or omit duties when one is able to fulfil them, such as the repayment of debts, delivering things held in trust to their rightful owners, safeguarding the property of orphans and delivering these when the orphans come of age. Any of these may be punished by Ta'zir  until the person concerned does his duty.

Punishment for false accusation

Allah has determined that the punishment for anyone who accuses a Muslim of adultery, without providing the necessary proof, is 80 lashes. Furthermore, the accuser is considered a fasiq, i.e. ‘transgressor’ and he is totally disqualified as a witness in any case whatsoever. This shows how grave this sin is…

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